36v Vs. 48v Batteries For Electric Bikes, Which One Is Better?

The surge in demand for e-bikes highlights the critical role of batteries in performance. Choosing between a 36-volt (36v) and 48-volt (48v) battery is crucial because it affects everything from the bike's speed and range to its weight and cost. But which one is right for you?

What Does Electric Bike Battery Voltage Mean

Electric bike battery voltage refers to the electrical potential difference that the battery provides to power the electric bike's motor. The voltage of a battery is a key indicator of its power output capability—higher voltage means the battery can deliver more power to the bike's motor, enabling higher speeds and stronger acceleration.

You can think of voltage as the push that moves electrons through a wire, making things like a bike's motor work by spinning the wheels. The stronger the push (or higher the voltage), the faster the electrons move, which makes the motor more powerful.

For electric bikes, a higher voltage battery can give more power to the motor, leading to better performance. This means you can speed up faster, climb steeper hills, and enjoy a more powerful ride. On the other hand, a battery with lower voltage might provide slower speeds and gentler acceleration, but it's still good enough for easy rides or flat areas.

36V vs. 48V E-Bike Batteries: Which is Better?

For a comprehensive comparison of 36V and 48V batteries, we have the following:

Bike Performance

The performance of an e-bike is heavily influenced by the choice of battery. 48v batteries provide more torque and can sustain higher speeds, making them ideal for performance-oriented bikes used in more demanding conditions. They are particularly advantageous for mountain bikes and cargo bikes. Meanwhile, 36v batteries are usually adequate for leisure riding and urban commuting, where extreme speeds and torque are not necessary, providing a smoother and more manageable ride.

Range and Power

48v batteries usually stand out. They can store more energy and deliver it more efficiently under load, which translates to longer distances covered on a single charge and greater overall power. The TESWAY S5 features a 48V battery that can travel 70-90 miles on a single charge. The X-Treme Newport Elite is equipped with a 36V battery and can travel up to about 30 miles on a single charge.This makes them suitable for longer rides or for riders who face hills and rough terrain. On the other hand, 36v batteries may be sufficient for those who stick to flat terrains and have moderate distance needs, providing a balance of efficiency and convenience without the unnecessary weight of higher voltage systems.

Top Speed

Electric bikes equipped with a 36-volt battery system have a top speed ranging between 15 to 20 miles per hour (24 to 32 kilometers per hour). This speed range is well-suited for urban commuting, ensuring safe and manageable speeds within city limits and crowded areas.

Bikes with a 48-volt battery system often have a higher top speed, usually ranging from 20 to 28 miles per hour (32 to 45 kilometers per hour). This increased speed capability makes 48V bikes better suited for longer commutes and situations where faster travel is beneficial, such as rural or less congested environments where higher speeds are safer and more practical.

Weight and Portability

If you're concerned about the weight of an e-bike, especially if you need to transport your e-bike or take the stairs frequently, 36-volt batteries are typically lighter and easier to maneuver. This makes e-bikes easier to maneuver and smaller, which is especially beneficial for urban riders. Conversely, a 48-volt battery adds weight to an e-bike, which may affect its portability, but the added power and range are justified. In terms of weight, the TESWAY S5 is definitely heavier than the X-Treme Newport Elite.TESWAY S5 has a very clever point in that the TESWAY5 equipped with the fat tire ebike is foldable, a huge space saver.

Compatibility and Upgrades

Many cycling accessories and components designed for electric bikes are standardized around the 36V system, making it straightforward to enhance or repair these bikes. However, if you're considering upgrading to a higher voltage system, such as switching from 36V to 48V, it often requires significant modifications. This can include replacing the motor, the battery, and possibly the controller, which can be costly and complex.

Bikes with a 48V system typically offer more potential for performance improvements right from the start due to their higher power output. Upgrading components within the 48V range, or even considering stepping up to a higher voltage system, can provide notable enhancements in speed and torque. Upgrades in this voltage range can be more expensive, not only because the components themselves are often pricier but also due to the increased complexity of the systems involved.

Cost Comparison

Cost is a critical factor for many buyers. 36v batteries are typically less expensive than their 48v counterparts due to the smaller size and less material required for their manufacture.

However, when you compare the costs, you will notice a significant difference. Even if you find that bikes in both categories are made from the same materials, 48V electric bikes will be more expensive.

There is actually at least a 15% markup on the cost of a 36V ebike. When you consider that an e-bike can cost hundreds of dollars, a 15% difference is certainly significant. The point is that 48V ebikes are definitely more expensive than 36V ebikes. But at TESWAY you'll find new surprises! The TESWAY S5 comes with a 48v battery. Also this fat tire bike is foldable and extremely space saving!

Can I Use A 48V Battery On A 36V Bike?

Technically it's possible. But using a 48V battery on a 36V electric bike, or vice versa, involves risks and potential complications, and it is generally not recommended. Here’s why:

Voltage Compatibility and Motor Damage: Electric bike motors are designed for a specific voltage. Using a 48V battery on a 36V motor may cause the motor to run faster than it was designed to handle, which can lead to overheating and potentially permanent damage to the motor. Conversely, using a 36V battery on a bike designed for 48V might result in poor performance and might not deliver enough power for the bike's motor, potentially leading to inefficiency and strain on the battery.

Controller Issues: The controller regulates the power flow from the battery to the motor based on the voltage. If the voltage is too high or too low, it can cause the controller to malfunction or fail. A 48V battery could overpower a 36V controller, leading to overheating or even burning out electronic components.

Battery Management System (BMS) Compatibility: Batteries are equipped with a BMS that manages charge, discharge, and overall battery health. A mismatch in voltage between the battery and the electric bike’s system can cause issues with how the BMS manages the battery, potentially leading to reduced battery life or failure.

It's always best to use the battery that fits the bike’s specifications to keep things safe and running smoothly.

Conclusion

Both the 36V and 48V electric bikes have their own advantages, and there isn't one clear winner. Your choice between a 36V and 48V bike really depends on what you need and how much you want to spend.However, once you read the guide above, you will realize the differences between these bikes and which one you should go with.

Follow TESWAY and you will not miss any deal!

FAQs

Are e-bikes allowed everywhere traditional bikes are?
E-bike regulations vary by location. In many places, e-bikes are treated like conventional bicycles and are allowed on roads, bike paths, and trails where bicycles are permitted. However, some areas might have restrictions, especially on trails and paths designated for non-motorized use.

What should I consider when buying an e-bike?
When buying an e-bike, consider factors like battery life, motor type, weight, ease of use, and cost. Additionally, think about the type of terrain you'll be riding on, your typical travel distance, and any specific features you might need, such as cargo capacity or all-terrain capability.

How do I maintain an e-bike?
Maintaining an e-bike involves regular checks and upkeep similar to a traditional bike, such as adjusting brakes and gears, and ensuring tires are properly inflated. Additionally, the battery and motor may require specific maintenance, including regular charging and storage in a dry, temperature-controlled environment.